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Haiyan Yuan, Speaker at Catalysis Conference
Northeast Normal University, China
Title : A mechanistic investigation into N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed umpolung of ketones and benzonitriles: is the cyano group better than the classical carbonyl group for the addition of NHC?

Abstract:

Density functional theory (DFT) computations have been utilized to investigate the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalytic reaction mechanism when carbonyl and cyano compounds co-exist. The results suggested that both the carbonyl and cyano compounds can be activated by NHC, while the order of activation by the NHC depends on the substituents of the two compounds. In the model reaction of NHC catalyzed cyclocondensation of cyclohexanone with 2-aminobenzonitrile, two key activation modes were explored, the new NHC activation carbon of the cyano-group (Mode II) is found to be perferred over the activation of carbonyl carbon (Mode I); this is remarkably at variance from the previous reports. More importantly, water molecules can improve the catalytic activity of NHC to some extent, especially in the Dimroth rearrangement process. The cooperative participation of the NHC and H2O catalyst is identified. Moreover, the strong quadruple hydrogen bonding interactions between water/NHC and substrates are proposed to be the origin of the high activity of NHC-H2O co-catalyzed Mode II. Additionally, these interactions stabilize the generated negative charge on carbonyl oxygen and further strengthen the nucleophilicity of the –NH group in the NHC-H2O co-catalyzed key transition state structure, which is further confifirmed by AIM and NCI analyses.

Biography:

Dr. Haiyan Yuan has completed her PhD from Northeast Normal University and continued the postdoctoral studies in the school of physics in 2015. The research interests of Dr. Yuan disclose the effect of assistant (catalyst), solvent, and counterion on the organometallic and organocatalytic reactions to optimize the experimental conditions using DFT method. She has published more than 20 papers in Angew. Chem., Int. Ed, ACS Catal, Green Chem, Chem. Commun, Org. Chem. Front, J. Org. Chem, J. Comput.Chem, etc.

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