Ligand Effects

Changing the concentrations of ligands—non-scaffold molecules that bind to particular sites on scaffolds—can control the phase transitions of scaffolds. The valence of ligands, whether or not they bind to spacers or stickers directly, and the relative affinities of ligand-scaffold versus scaffold-scaffold interactions all affect how modulatory an effect they have. The concentration of scaffolds in condensates is generally diluted by all ligands. Multivalent ligands have the ability to stabilise or destabilise condensates by directly binding to spacers or stickers, as opposed to monovalent ligands, which destabilise condensates. Even when they have no impact on condensate stability, bipartite ligands that bind to spacers and stickers can change the way scaffold molecules are arranged within condensates.

Committee Members
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Stanislaw Dzwigaj

Stanislaw Dzwigaj

Sorbonne University, France
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Dai Yeun Jeong

Dai Yeun Jeong

Asia Climate Change Education Center, Korea, Republic of
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Enrico Paris

Enrico Paris

CREA-IT & DIAEE, Italy
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Hanna Kierzkowska Pawlak

Hanna Kierzkowska Pawlak

Lodz University of Technology, Poland
CAT 2026 Speakers
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Ling Yin

Ling Yin

Cornell University, United States
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Tsitsishvili Vladimer

Tsitsishvili Vladimer

Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry at the Tbilisi State University, Georgia
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Rafia Ahmad

Rafia Ahmad

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Eun Han Lee

Eun Han Lee

Korea Institute of Energy Research, Korea, Republic of
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Neul Ha

Neul Ha

Sungkyunkwan University, Korea, Republic of
Speaker at Catalysis & Reaction Engineering 2026 - Shailza Sharma

Shailza Sharma

RMIT University, Australia

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