In-Situ and Operando Catalysis

In-situ and operando catalysis have emerged as transformative techniques for the study of catalytic processes, offering real-time insights into catalyst performance under reaction conditions. In-situ catalysis involves the direct observation of catalysts in action, providing researchers with a detailed understanding of how catalysts behave within the reaction medium, including their structural and electronic changes during catalysis. This is particularly important in the case of complex catalytic systems, where traditional methods may fail to capture the dynamic changes occurring during the reaction. Operando catalysis, which involves monitoring both the catalyst and the reaction simultaneously, takes this a step further by offering a holistic view of the catalytic process.