Title : Characterization of polymer silicate composite materials
Abstract:
This paper's aim is improvement and imparting new properties to polymeric complexes in order to obtain fundamentally new materials based on them - polymer-silicate composite materials. In this case, the polymer-silicate composite has properties that differ from the properties of the individual components. The most promising component as a filler are layered silicates (clay materials), which have useful properties, such as non-toxicity, high plasticity, sorption capacity, and are characterized by low cost and large reserves. The next stage of research was the modification of layered silicates with organic compounds. The synthesis of composite polymer materials containing clay particles was carried out by intercalation polymerization of synthetic 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate monomers, in the presence of a crosslinking agent, at a temperature of 1 hour. The resulting materials were crosslinked three-dimensional structures in the form of gels based on acrylic acid derivatives, where inorganic cations intercalated into the polymer network during the formation of the polymer composite. As a result, inorganic cations were intercalate into the polymer network during the formation of the polymer composite. The composition of the inorganic modifier was studied. For increasing the sorption capacity, layered silicates were activated before being incorporated into the polymer composite. The study of the influence of the filler on the gel properties shows that increasing of the clay content in the sample lead to a variable change in the sorption properties of gel.
It was established that the main component of the material under study is silicon dioxide, amounting to 60.51 wt.%, which is the main component of almost all terrestrial rocks. Common known that the best technological properties are possessed by bentonites with exchangeable sodium cations, in our case sodium cations are contained in the form of sodium oxide (2.41 wt.%). In order to increase the content of exchangeable cations, it was expedient to pre-activate the clay before polymer composite synthesizing, the carbonate of calcium (magnesium) formed during the ion exchange can form inorganic deposits that are precipitated from aqueous compositions of these activated bentonites. Polymeric composite materials modified with activated layered silicates have been synthesized by the intercalation polymerization of synthetic monomers in the presence of a crosslinking compound.
