Title : Natural carbon materials for sodium on batteries
Abstract:
Sodium-ion cells turn out to be a breakthrough compared to lithium-ion cells due to the similar amount of storage energy and much lower price and ease of production compared to lithium-ion cells. Sodium-ion batteries not only replace lithium with one of the most popular earth elements, but also give real hope for completely getting rid of cobalt from the electrodes. When working on the effectiveness of these cells, the world of science is currently focusing on electrode materials. Many biomaterials can be used in the negative half-cell in both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. The form of the material turns out to be a limitation - when processing carbon materials of polymer origin, e.g. polysaccharides are the so-called hard coal. Hard carbon differs from soft carbon in that it will never graphitize, so it cannot be used instead of graphite in a lithium-ion cell. Due to the spread of green chemistry, waste materials are used to obtain hard coal, which increases the biodegradability of the cell and also facilitates its recycling and allows you to get rid of waste from the paper, agricultural, food industries and so on. The aim of this work is to show the natural carbon materials used in sodium-ion cells in order to obtain efficiently operating batteries. The submitted work presents the use of biomaterials as electrode materials, and their functioning and structure are tested using physicochemical and electrochemical techniques. Using materials of natural origin increases the biodegradability of the cell, contributes to spreading the slogan of green chemistry, and also achieves high specific capacities after many charge-discharge cycles.
